He did not belong to the extreme current of the “abolitionists” of slavery, but was opposed, like his party, to “popular sovereignty”; so that his election sounded like a challenge and a threat to the southerners. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina seceded from the Union, followed by ten other states that joined the Confederate States of America. With the attack of the Confederates at the fort Sumter, South Carolina, held by federal, they began the hostilities of the Civil War, a tremendous civil war that was to last four years and only close April 9, 1865, with the surrender of General RE Lee, Southern commander, to General U. Grant, commander of the North. United States is a country located in North America according to THESCIENCETUTOR.ORG.
The question of slavery, therefore, was the fundamental cause of the war, but not for an absolute question of principle but for the contrast about the extension or not of the “peculiar institution” to the new states. Lincoln’s goal, as he defined it, was to maintain the Union, not to abolish slavery. And even when Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in September 1862, it declared free only those who were enslaved in areas in rebellion against the United States. Very important cause of the war was also the ancient conflict between the “rights of the states” and the federal power. But above all, the North and the South were two worlds that could no longer coexist because economic interests and the same social structures were clearly opposite. Basically, the agrarian South was conservative, it looked to the past; the North (as well as the West it colonized) was liberal, it looked to the future. It is therefore not surprising that the war was won by the North, which had great superiority in all respects: human and material resources, economic potential, more advanced technology. At the end of the first “modern” war, a true “total war”, the South was materially destroyed, in the literal sense of the term. A twofold reconstruction was therefore required: of the South itself, and of the national unity of the United States. But the “Age of Reconstruction”, as the period 1865-77 is called, began with a tragedy, the assassination of Lincoln, on April 14, 1865. He was succeeded by Vice President Andrew Johnson (1865-69), who attempted to oppose to the excesses of the republican radicals, supporters of harsh conditions for the readmission of Southern states to the Union. In addition to three amendments to the Constitution, which recognized emancipation, civil and political rights for all blacks, the “reconstruction law” was approved in 1867, which established “reconstructed” governments in the South. “, Made up of blacks,” poor whites “of the place and adventurers descended from the North, under the control of federal troops.
President Grant (1869-77) moved along the same lines. Despite the damage caused by this “reconstruction”, the South was recovering and national unity could be said to be re-established when in 1877 the new president, with which all blacks were recognized emancipation, civil and political rights, the “reconstruction law” was approved in 1867, with which “rebuilt” governments, composed of blacks, were installed in the South, ” poor whites ”of the place and adventurers descended from the North, under the control of federal troops. President Grant (1869-77) moved along the same lines. Despite the damage caused by this “reconstruction”, the South was recovering and national unity could be said to be re-established when in 1877 the new president, with which all blacks were recognized emancipation, civil and political rights, the “reconstruction law” was approved in 1867, with which “rebuilt” governments, composed of blacks, were installed in the South, ” poor whites ”of the place and adventurers descended from the North, under the control of federal troops. President Grant (1869-77) moved along the same lines. Despite the damage caused by this “reconstruction”, the South was recovering and national unity could be said to be re-established when in 1877 the new president, President Grant (1869-77) moved along the same lines. Despite the damage caused by this “reconstruction”, the South was recovering and national unity could be said to be re-established when in 1877 the new president, President Grant (1869-77) moved along the same lines. Despite the damage caused by this “reconstruction”, the South was recovering and national unity could be said to be re-established when in 1877 the new president, R. Hayes (1877-81), withdrew federal troops from the last three Southern states, thus ending the “Age of Reconstruction”.
